16 Surprising Facts About the Pentagon That Will Change How You See It
The Pentagon is one of the most iconic buildings in the world, symbolizing American military power and strategy. But beyond its well-known role as the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense, this five-sided structure hides a trove of intriguing facts.
From its rapid construction to unique design quirks, the Pentagon’s history is as complex as the operations it oversees. Here are 16 fascinating facts that will give you a fresh perspective on this extraordinary building.
The Pentagon Was Built in Just 16 Months
Constructed during World War II, the Pentagon’s rapid completion was a marvel of efficiency. Workers labored day and night to finish the building between September 1941 and January 1943.
This urgency stemmed from the need to consolidate military operations in one central location during the war.
It’s the World’s Largest Office Building
The Pentagon covers a whopping 6.5 million square feet, with 3.7 million square feet dedicated to office space. It houses approximately 26,000 employees daily, making it the largest office building by floor area in the world—larger than even the Empire State Building.
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The Design Was Inspired by the Potomac River
Initially planned for a different location, the Pentagon was designed with five sides to fit an awkward plot of land near the Potomac River. When the site changed, the five-sided design remained, giving the building its distinctive shape.
It’s Built to Withstand Bombings
Constructed with reinforced concrete, the Pentagon was designed to endure bombings during wartime. The robust structure and low-rise design add to its durability, making it a fortress-like headquarters.
It Has 17.5 Miles of Hallways
Despite its massive size, the Pentagon’s unique layout ensures that no two points are more than seven minutes apart on foot. This is thanks to its efficient network of hallways, which span an impressive 17.5 miles in total.
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The Pentagon Has Its Own Zip Code
The Pentagon is so large that it has its own zip code: 20301. This exclusive postal code handles the vast volume of correspondence directed to the Department of Defense and its employees.
It Was Originally Designed for Civilian Use
Interestingly, the Pentagon was initially intended to serve as a civilian office complex. However, its purpose shifted to a military headquarters as the United States prepared for World War II.
The Courtyard Was Nicknamed “Ground Zero” During the Cold War
The open-air courtyard at the center of the Pentagon was jokingly called “Ground Zero” during the Cold War. This nickname arose from the belief that it would be a prime target for Soviet missiles in the event of a nuclear war.
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It Houses a Secret Subway Station
A private subway station lies beneath the Pentagon, connecting it to the Washington Metro system. This station is used exclusively by Department of Defense employees and is off-limits to the public.
It’s Environmentally Friendly
Despite its age, the Pentagon is surprisingly eco-conscious. Recent renovations have added energy-efficient systems and recycling programs, making it one of the greenest government buildings in the United States.
It Has a Shopping Mall Inside
The Pentagon features a small shopping mall known as the Pentagon Concourse. It includes retail stores, a barbershop, and several dining options, making it a self-sufficient hub for its employees.
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The Pentagon Was Hit During the 9/11 Attacks
On September 11, 2001, the Pentagon was struck by American Airlines Flight 77, causing significant damage to one of its five sides. The rebuilt section, known as the Phoenix Project, symbolizes resilience and recovery.
It Was the World’s Largest Low-Rise Building When Completed
Upon its completion, the Pentagon became the largest low-rise office building in the world, a title it still holds. Its height is modest, standing at just five stories above ground, but its sprawling layout is unparalleled.
The Pentagon Runs on Precision
The Pentagon operates with military efficiency, down to its cafeteria. Each employee can be served within 20 minutes, even during peak lunch hours, thanks to an incredibly streamlined food service system.
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It Contains Over 700 Bathrooms
Built during an era of segregation, the Pentagon originally featured separate bathrooms for Black and White employees. Today, all 700 bathrooms are accessible to everyone, reflecting progress in equality over time.
It’s Open to the Public for Tours
Despite its high-security nature, the Pentagon offers guided tours to the public. These tours provide insight into its history, architecture, and the vital role it plays in national defense. Advance reservations are required for security purposes.
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